/**
* Special-use domain names from the IANA "Special-Use Domain Names" registry:
* the authoritative list, created by RFC 6761 and maintained as new RFCs add to
* it: https://www.iana.org/assignments/special-use-domain-names/
* Snapshot: 2026-05-24. (RFC 6761 is not obsoleted; draft-hoffman-rfc6761bis
* proposes to retire its prose but keep this registry, so the registry is the
* source of truth; re-sync this list against it.)
*
* These names never correspond to a public registration, yet neither
* `isIcann` nor `isPrivate` marks one as special-use: most are absent from the
* Public Suffix List (so `a.test` looks like a registrable domain), and the
* few that are listed (`onion`, `home.arpa`) appear there as ordinary ICANN
* suffixes. `isSpecialUse` is the single signal that covers them all.
*
* Per the registry and RFC 6761 ("and any names falling within these domains"),
* the designation covers each listed name AND all of its sub-domains. DNS labels
* are case-insensitive (RFC 4343); `hostname` is expected to be already
* lower-cased and trailing-dot-stripped, as produced by `extractHostname`, the
* same normalization the Public-Suffix-List lookup relies on.
*
* Two groups of registry entries are intentionally excluded: the numeric
* reverse-DNS delegation zones (`10.in-addr.arpa`, the `*.ip6.arpa` ranges, …),
* which are reverse-DNS PTR zones rather than hostnames and whose parents
* (`in-addr.arpa`/`ip6.arpa`) are already in the Public Suffix List; and the
* deprecated `eap-noob.arpa` entry.
*/
const SPECIAL_USE_DOMAINS = [
'test', // RFC 6761
'localhost', // RFC 6761
'invalid', // RFC 6761
'example', // RFC 6761
'example.com', // RFC 6761
'example.net', // RFC 6761
'example.org', // RFC 6761
'local', // RFC 6762 (mDNS)
'onion', // RFC 7686 (Tor)
'alt', // RFC 9476
'home.arpa', // RFC 8375
'ipv4only.arpa', // RFC 8880
'resolver.arpa', // RFC 9462
'service.arpa', // RFC 9665
'6tisch.arpa', // RFC 9031
'eap.arpa', // RFC 9965
];
/**
* Return `true` if `hostname` is, or is a sub-domain of, a special-use domain
* (see the registry note above). Expects an already-normalized `hostname`.
*/
export default function isSpecialUse(hostname) {
for (const name of SPECIAL_USE_DOMAINS) {
// Match on a label boundary: `hostname` is either exactly `name` or ends
// with `.name` (so `latest` is not matched by `test`, nor `myexample.com`
// by `example.com`).
if (hostname.endsWith(name) &&
(hostname.length === name.length ||
hostname.charCodeAt(hostname.length - name.length - 1) === 46) /* '.' */) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
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