/**
* Matches an ASCII tab (U+0009) or newline (U+000A / U+000D). The WHATWG URL
* parser strips these before parsing; we only allocate a cleaned copy (and
* re-parse) on the rare input that actually contains one.
*/
const CONTROL_CHARS = /[\t\n\r]/g;
// Set by `extractHostname` (a module-scope flag, read synchronously by
// `parseImpl` right after the call — same pattern as the reused RESULT object).
// `true` ONLY when extraction validated the returned host inline (a confirmed-
// valid, "simple" authority) so `parseImpl` can skip the separate
// `isValidHostname` pass. `false` in every other case (validation disabled, a
// complex authority — userinfo/port/brackets/trailing-dot/control — an invalid
// host, or a non-main return path); `parseImpl` then validates as usual. The
// fast path can only ever SKIP a redundant scan for hosts already known valid,
// never accept an invalid one.
export let extractedHostnameValidated = false;
/**
* True if char `code` is a valid hostname character. This is the per-char half
* of `is-valid.ts`'s `isValidAscii` (a-z, 0-9, > U+007F) PLUS three additions:
* A-Z (the host is lowercased before validation, so uppercase ≡ a valid
* lowercase letter) and '-' / '_' (valid inside a label). KEEP IN SYNC with
* `is-valid.ts`: these rules are deliberately duplicated to validate during
* extraction, so any change to the accepted character set there must be
* mirrored here (and vice-versa).
*/
function isValidHostnameChar(code) {
return ((code >= 97 && code <= 122) || // a-z
(code >= 48 && code <= 57) || // 0-9
code > 127 || // non-ASCII (accepted, not punycode-checked)
(code >= 65 && code <= 90) || // A-Z (becomes valid once lowercased)
code === 45 || // '-'
code === 95 // '_'
);
}
/**
* Classify scheme `url.slice(schemeStart, colonIndex)` as a WHATWG special
* scheme without allocating a substring (case-insensitive via `| 32`).
* Special schemes: ftp, file, http, https, ws, wss
* (https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#special-scheme).
*
* @returns 0 = not special, 1 = special, 2 = file (its host sits only between
* "//" and the next slash).
*/
function getSpecialScheme(url, schemeStart, colonIndex) {
const length = colonIndex - schemeStart;
const c0 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart) | 32;
if (length === 2) {
return c0 === 119 && (url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 1) | 32) === 115 ? 1 : 0; // ws
}
else if (length === 3) {
const c1 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 1) | 32;
const c2 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 2) | 32;
if (c0 === 119 && c1 === 115 && c2 === 115)
return 1; // wss
if (c0 === 102 && c1 === 116 && c2 === 112)
return 1; // ftp
return 0;
}
else if (length === 4) {
const c1 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 1) | 32;
const c2 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 2) | 32;
const c3 = url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 3) | 32;
if (c0 === 104 && c1 === 116 && c2 === 116 && c3 === 112)
return 1; // http
if (c0 === 102 && c1 === 105 && c2 === 108 && c3 === 101)
return 2; // file
return 0;
}
else if (length === 5) {
return c0 === 104 &&
(url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 1) | 32) === 116 &&
(url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 2) | 32) === 116 &&
(url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 3) | 32) === 112 &&
(url.charCodeAt(schemeStart + 4) | 32) === 115
? 1
: 0; // https
}
return 0;
}
/**
* Extract a hostname from `url`, matching a WHATWG URL parser's host-boundary
* behaviour (https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-basic-url-parser) for tldts'
* scope. It deliberately does NOT normalise the host (no IDNA/punycode or IPv4
* canonicalisation; IPv6 brackets are stripped, not compressed), strips trailing
* dots, and stays lenient where a strict parser rejects (bare host:port,
* out-of-range port, user@host) — all documented deviations.
*
* @param urlIsValidHostname - when true, `url` is already a valid hostname and is
* returned by the same reference (factory.ts skips re-validation on that
* identity), keeping the common path allocation-free.
* @param validate - when true, validate the host inline during the authority
* scan and publish the verdict via `extractedHostnameValidated` so `parseImpl`
* can skip the redundant `isValidHostname` pass for simple authorities.
*/
export default function extractHostname(url, urlIsValidHostname, validate = false) {
let start = 0;
let end = url.length;
let hasUpper = false;
let isSpecial = false;
extractedHostnameValidated = false;
if (!urlIsValidHostname) {
// Data URLs never carry a host (and may be huge — short-circuit them).
if (url.startsWith('data:')) {
return null;
}
// WHATWG step 1: trim leading/trailing C0 control or space (<= U+0020).
// Tab/newline elsewhere are handled lazily below.
while (start < url.length && url.charCodeAt(start) <= 32) {
start += 1;
}
while (end > start + 1 && url.charCodeAt(end - 1) <= 32) {
end -= 1;
}
if (url.charCodeAt(start) === 47 /* '/' */ &&
url.charCodeAt(start + 1) === 47 /* '/' */) {
// Scheme-relative reference ("//host/path").
start += 2;
}
else {
const indexOfProtocol = url.indexOf(':/', start);
if (indexOfProtocol !== -1) {
// "scheme://…". Classify the scheme, then position `start` at the host.
const special = getSpecialScheme(url, start, indexOfProtocol);
if (special === 1) {
// Special scheme: skip the run of '/' and '\' after it
// (special-authority-(ignore-)slashes states; '\' acts as '/').
isSpecial = true;
start = indexOfProtocol + 2;
while (url.charCodeAt(start) === 47 /* '/' */ ||
url.charCodeAt(start) === 92 /* '\' */) {
start += 1;
}
}
else if (special === 2) {
// file: the host is only what sits between "//" and the next slash, so
// "file://h/x" => "h" but "file:///x" / "file:/x" => no host.
isSpecial = true;
start = indexOfProtocol + 1;
let slashes = 0;
while ((url.charCodeAt(start) === 47 || url.charCodeAt(start) === 92) &&
slashes < 2) {
start += 1;
slashes += 1;
}
if (slashes < 2) {
return null;
}
}
else {
// Unknown scheme: validate the WHATWG scheme grammar [A-Za-z0-9+.-];
// a control char means it was split by a tab/newline (strip + re-parse).
for (let i = start; i < indexOfProtocol; i += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(i) | 32;
if (!(((code >= 97 && code <= 122) || // [a, z]
(code >= 48 && code <= 57) || // [0, 9]
code === 46 || // '.'
code === 45 || // '-'
code === 43) // '+'
)) {
const raw = url.charCodeAt(i);
if (raw === 9 || raw === 10 || raw === 13) {
return extractHostname(url.replace(CONTROL_CHARS, ''), urlIsValidHostname, validate);
}
return null;
}
}
// A non-special scheme has an authority only after "//" (else it is an
// opaque path with no host). `indexOf(':/')` already gave the first '/'.
if (url.charCodeAt(indexOfProtocol + 2) === 47 /* '/' */) {
start = indexOfProtocol + 3;
}
else {
return null;
}
}
}
else if (url.charCodeAt(start) !== 91 /* '[' */) {
// Cold path: no scheme "://", and not a bare IPv6 literal (whose first
// ':' would otherwise look like a scheme separator; "[…]" falls through
// to the ipv6 handling below). May be a bare host, a host:port, a
// user@host, a slash-less special scheme ("https:host"), or an opaque
// URI ("mailto:", "tel:", "urn:…").
let indexOfColon = -1;
for (let i = start; i < end; i += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(i);
if (code === 9 || code === 10 || code === 13) {
return extractHostname(url.replace(CONTROL_CHARS, ''), urlIsValidHostname, validate);
}
if (code === 58 /* ':' */) {
indexOfColon = i;
break;
}
if (code === 47 || code === 92 || code === 63 || code === 35) {
break;
}
}
if (indexOfColon !== -1) {
// An '@' before the next delimiter => the ':' is userinfo, not a
// scheme ("user:pass@host", "mailto:a@b"): keep the whole authority.
let hasIdentifier = false;
for (let i = indexOfColon + 1; i < end; i += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(i);
if (code === 47 || code === 92 || code === 63 || code === 35) {
break;
}
if (code === 64 /* '@' */) {
hasIdentifier = true;
break;
}
}
if (!hasIdentifier) {
// All-digits after ':' => a bare "host:port" (tldts accepts
// hostnames too); keep `start` and let the port handling trim it.
let allDigits = true;
let i = indexOfColon + 1;
for (; i < end; i += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(i);
if (code === 47 || code === 92 || code === 63 || code === 35) {
break;
}
if (code < 48 /* '0' */ || code > 57 /* '9' */) {
allDigits = false;
break;
}
}
if (i === indexOfColon + 1) {
allDigits = false; // nothing after ':' => not a port
}
if (!allDigits) {
const special = getSpecialScheme(url, start, indexOfColon);
if (special === 0) {
// No "://" anywhere on the cold path and not a special scheme.
// A second ':' before the host's end marks a bare, unbracketed
// IPv6 literal ("2a01:e35::1"): fall through and let the host
// loop + isIp classify it. Without one this is an opaque path
// with no host ("mailto:x", "foo:bar").
let isBareIpv6 = false;
for (let j = indexOfColon + 1; j < end; j += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(j);
if (code === 47 ||
code === 92 ||
code === 63 ||
code === 35) {
break;
}
if (code === 58 /* ':' */) {
isBareIpv6 = true;
break;
}
}
if (!isBareIpv6) {
return null;
}
}
else {
isSpecial = true;
start = indexOfColon + 1;
if (special === 2) {
// file (e.g. "file:\\host"): host only between "//" and next slash.
let slashes = 0;
while ((url.charCodeAt(start) === 47 ||
url.charCodeAt(start) === 92) &&
slashes < 2) {
start += 1;
slashes += 1;
}
if (slashes < 2) {
return null;
}
}
else {
while (url.charCodeAt(start) === 47 ||
url.charCodeAt(start) === 92) {
start += 1;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
// Find the host's end: first '/', '?' or '#' (and '\' for special URLs,
// which WHATWG treats like '/'). Track the last '@', ']' and ':' for
// userinfo, ipv6 and port, plus the first ':' of the host (reset at each
// '@') to tell a bare IPv6 (>= 2 colons) from a host:port (exactly one);
// flag uppercase and a stray tab/newline. The loop is split on `code < 64`
// so common host characters take fewer comparisons.
//
// When `validate`, also accumulate `is-valid.ts`'s checks over the scanned
// run so a simple authority's host can be validated in this single pass.
// `vValid` only stays meaningful for a "simple" authority (no userinfo, port,
// brackets, control or trailing dot); those cases clear it / are rejected by
// the guard below, falling back to `isValidHostname`.
let indexOfIdentifier = -1;
let indexOfClosingBracket = -1;
let indexOfPort = -1;
let indexOfFirstColon = -1;
let hasControl = false;
let vValid = validate; // seeded true when validating; cleared on the first invalid char
let vLastDot = start - 1; // mirrors is-valid.ts `lastDotIndex = -1` at host start
let vLastCode = -1;
if (validate && start < end) {
// First-char rule: must be a valid host char, '.', or '_' (NOT '-').
const c0 = url.charCodeAt(start);
if (!(
/*@__INLINE__*/ (isValidHostnameChar(c0) ||
c0 === 46 /* '.' */ ||
c0 === 95 /* '_' */)) ||
c0 === 45 /* '-' (isValidHostnameChar allows it mid-label, not first) */) {
vValid = false;
}
}
for (let i = start; i < end; i += 1) {
const code = url.charCodeAt(i);
if (code < 64) {
if (code === 47 || code === 35 || code === 63) {
end = i;
break;
}
else if (code === 58 /* ':' */) {
if (indexOfFirstColon === -1) {
indexOfFirstColon = i;
}
indexOfPort = i;
}
else if (code === 9 || code === 10 || code === 13) {
hasControl = true;
}
else if (validate) {
if (code === 46 /* '.' */) {
if (i - vLastDot > 64 || vLastCode === 46 || vLastCode === 45) {
vValid = false;
}
vLastDot = i;
}
else if (code < 48 || code > 57) {
// < 64 and not a delimiter/dot/digit => only '-' (45) is a valid
// host char here; everything else (space, %, !, etc.) is invalid.
// A '-' must also not START a label (the byte right after a '.') —
// mirrors is-valid.ts; the first label is covered by the first-char
// rule above. (RFC 1034 §3.5 / RFC 1035 §2.3.1 LDH.)
if (code !== 45 || vLastCode === 46 /* label-leading '-' */) {
vValid = false;
}
}
}
}
else if (isSpecial && code === 92 /* '\' */) {
end = i;
break;
}
else if (code === 64 /* '@' */) {
indexOfIdentifier = i;
indexOfFirstColon = -1; // colons before '@' are userinfo, not the host
}
else if (code === 93 /* ']' */) {
indexOfClosingBracket = i;
}
else if (code >= 65 && code <= 90) {
hasUpper = true;
}
else if (validate && !( /*@__INLINE__*/isValidHostnameChar(code))) {
// >= 64, not '@'/']'/upper: valid only if a-z, '_', or non-ASCII.
vValid = false;
}
if (validate) {
vLastCode = code;
}
}
// A tab/newline inside the authority: strip everything and re-parse (rare).
if (hasControl) {
return extractHostname(url.replace(CONTROL_CHARS, ''), urlIsValidHostname, validate);
}
// Skip userinfo. '>= start' so an empty userinfo ("http://@host") works too.
if (indexOfIdentifier !== -1 &&
indexOfIdentifier >= start &&
indexOfIdentifier < end) {
start = indexOfIdentifier + 1;
}
if (url.charCodeAt(start) === 91 /* '[' */) {
// ipv6 address: return what is between the brackets, or null if unclosed.
if (indexOfClosingBracket !== -1) {
return url.slice(start + 1, indexOfClosingBracket).toLowerCase();
}
return null;
}
else if (indexOfPort !== -1 &&
indexOfPort > start &&
indexOfPort < end &&
// A host:port has exactly one ':' in the host (so its first ':' is its
// last); a bare, unbracketed IPv6 literal ("2a01:e35::1") has >= 2, so
// its first ':' precedes the last. Only the former has a ':port' to trim.
indexOfFirstColon === indexOfPort) {
end = indexOfPort; // trim ':port'
}
// Empty authority ("http://", "file:///path", "//"); only reachable here via
// extraction — a bare valid hostname never lands here.
if (start >= end) {
return null;
}
// Publish the inline-validation verdict — but only for a "simple" authority,
// where the scanned run equals the final host: no userinfo skip, no port
// trim, no brackets, no trailing dot (trimmed below), and length within RFC
// limits. Anything else leaves it `false` so `parseImpl` re-validates.
//
// Every clause below is load-bearing for CORRECTNESS, not just speed: the
// loop accumulates `vValid` over the whole scanned run (it does not stop at
// ':' or '@', so any port/userinfo bytes are included), so the verdict is
// only sound when that run equals the final host. Do not drop a clause as
// "redundant" — e.g. without `indexOfPort === -1`, `host:8080` would be
// wrongly accepted.
if (validate &&
vValid &&
indexOfIdentifier === -1 &&
indexOfPort === -1 &&
indexOfClosingBracket === -1 &&
url.charCodeAt(end - 1) !== 46 /* no trailing dot */ &&
end - start <= 255 && // total length
end - vLastDot - 1 <= 63 && // last label length
vLastCode !== 45 /* last char not '-' */) {
extractedHostnameValidated = true;
}
}
// Trim trailing dots
while (end > start + 1 && url.charCodeAt(end - 1) === 46 /* '.' */) {
end -= 1;
}
const hostname = start !== 0 || end !== url.length ? url.slice(start, end) : url;
if (hasUpper) {
return hostname.toLowerCase();
}
return hostname;
}
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