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<h1>🏔️ Slow Changes to Earth Review</h1>
<h2>Week 24 — Friday | Weathering, Erosion, and Land Changes</h2>
<h3>📖 Reading Time</h3>
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<p>This week we studied how Earth's surface changes slowly over millions of years through <strong>weathering</strong> and <strong>erosion</strong>. Weathering is the process of breaking rocks into smaller pieces through ice wedging, wind, temperature changes, plant roots, and chemical reactions. Erosion is the movement of those weathered particles by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity. These two processes work together to shape the landscapes we see today.</p>
<p>We conducted an erosion tray experiment to see how different conditions affect soil erosion. We tested bare soil versus soil with vegetation, and we tested light rain versus heavy rain. Our results showed that bare soil without plants erodes much faster than soil protected by vegetation. Heavy rain caused more erosion than light rain. These experiments help us understand why planting trees and grass is so important for preventing soil loss on hillsides and farmland.</p>
<p>We also explored the major forces of erosion. Running water, especially rivers and streams, is the most powerful erosive force on Earth. Wind shapes deserts by blowing sand into dunes. Glaciers carve deep valleys as they move slowly downhill. Gravity causes landslides when steep slopes collapse. Each force leaves its own mark on the landscape, creating unique features like canyons, valleys, beaches, and deltas. Understanding these slow changes helps us appreciate the incredible age of our planet and how the landscapes we see today were shaped over billions of years.</p>
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<h3>✏️ Reading Questions</h3>
<p><strong>1. What are the two main processes that slowly change Earth's surface?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>2. What did your erosion tray experiment show about vegetation?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>3. What is the most powerful force of erosion on Earth?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>4. Explain how weathering and erosion work together to create a canyon. Describe each step in the process.</strong></p>
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<h3>📝 Vocabulary Grid</h3>
<p>Write a definition or draw a picture for each word.</p>
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<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🪨 Weathering</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🌊 Erosion</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🧊 Ice Wedging</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>⛰️ Sediment</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🧊 Glacier</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🌱 Vegetation</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
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<h3>📊 Weathering vs. Erosion Review Chart</h3>
<p><strong>Fill in the complete comparison chart.</strong></p>
<table>
<tr><th style="width: 130px;">Feature</th><th>Weathering</th><th>Erosion</th></tr>
<tr><td>What it does</td><td style="height: 22px;"></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Does it move material?</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Main causes</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Time it takes</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Example from nature</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</table>
<h3>🔗 Forces of Erosion Matching</h3>
<p><strong>Match each erosive force with the landscape feature it creates.</strong></p>
<table>
<tr><th style="width: 200px;">Force of Erosion</th><th>Landscape Feature Created</th></tr>
<tr><td>Running water (rivers)</td><td style="height: 22px;"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wind (desert sand)</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Glaciers (moving ice)</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Ocean waves</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Gravity (hillside collapse)</td><td></td></tr>
</table>
<h3>🔍 Weathered vs. Fresh Rocks</h3>
<p><strong>Describe how rocks change as they go through weathering.</strong></p>
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<p><em>Draw a fresh, unweathered rock on the left.</em></p>
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<p><em>Draw the same rock after millions of years of weathering on the right.</em></p>
<p><strong>What happened to the rock over time? Describe the changes.</strong></p>
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<h3>📓 Science Journal: Slow Changes to Earth</h3>
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<p><strong>Think about the slow changes you studied this week and how they affect the world around us.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Prompt 1: Think about your erosion tray experiment. What was the most surprising thing you learned? What would you like to test next?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>Prompt 2: Look outside your window. Can you see any evidence of weathering or erosion happening around you? Describe what you see and how long you think it has been happening.</strong></p>
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<p><strong>Prompt 3: Why is it important to understand slow changes to Earth? How does knowing about weathering and erosion help us protect our environment and build safer communities?</strong></p>
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<h3>✅ True or False — Circle Your Answer</h3>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>1.</strong> Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>2.</strong> Erosion moves weathered material to a new place.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>3.</strong> Weathering and erosion happen very quickly, usually in days.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>4.</strong> Ice wedging is caused by water expanding as it freezes.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>5.</strong> Running water is the weakest force of erosion.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>6.</strong> Vegetation helps prevent erosion by holding soil together.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>7.</strong> Glaciers carve valleys as they move downhill.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>8.</strong> The Grand Canyon was formed by fast changes.</p>
<h3>✏️ Fill in the Blanks</h3>
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<p><strong>Word Bank:</strong>
<span>weathering</span><span>erosion</span><span>ice wedging</span><span>sediment</span><span>glacier</span><span>sand dune</span><span>running water</span><span>vegetation</span>
</p></div>
<p>1. Breaking rocks into smaller pieces is called ________________.</p>
<p>2. Moving weathered material is called ________________.</p>
<p>3. Water freezing and splitting rocks is ________________.</p>
<p>4. Small pieces of rock and soil are called ________________.</p>
<p>5. A huge moving mass of ice is a ________________.</p>
<p>6. Hills of sand formed by wind are ________________.</p>
<p>7. The most powerful erosive force on Earth is ________________.</p>
<p>8. Plants and grass that protect soil are ________________.</p>
<h3>⭐ Week 24 Checklist</h3>
<p><strong>Check off each concept you feel confident about.</strong></p>
<table>
<tr><th style="width: 300px;">Concept</th><th>I Understand This</th></tr>
<tr><td>I can explain the difference between weathering and erosion.</td><td style="height: 22px;"></td></tr>
<tr><td>I can name three types of weathering.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>I can describe four forces of erosion.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>I understand how vegetation prevents erosion.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>I can explain the results of my erosion tray experiment.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>I understand how slow changes shape landscapes over time.</td><td></td></tr>
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