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<h1>☁️ The Water Cycle</h1>
<h2>Week 22 — Monday | Evaporation, Condensation, and Precipitation</h2>
<h3>📖 Reading Time</h3>
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<p>Last week we learned that water moves in a never-ending loop around our planet. This week we are going to study each stage of the <strong>water cycle</strong> in detail. Understanding each step helps us predict the weather, explain why plants grow, and understand where rain comes from. The water cycle is one of the most important natural processes on Earth because it moves water from the oceans to the land and back again.</p>
<p><strong>Evaporation</strong> is the first major step. When the sun warms water in oceans, lakes, and rivers, the water changes from a liquid into an invisible gas called <strong>water vapor</strong>. This water vapor rises into the air. You can see evaporation happening when a puddle disappears after a sunny day or when wet clothes dry on a line. Plants also release water vapor through their leaves in a process called <strong>transpiration</strong>, which adds more water vapor to the air.</p>
<p><strong>Condensation</strong> happens next. As water vapor rises higher into the sky, the air gets cooler. The cool air causes water vapor to change back into tiny liquid water droplets. These droplets are so small and light that they float in the air, forming <strong>clouds</strong>. You can see condensation in everyday life when water droplets form on the outside of a cold drink glass or when fog covers a field in the morning. Clouds are basically huge collections of billions of tiny water droplets floating together.</p>
<p><strong>Precipitation</strong> is the third step. When enough water droplets collect in a cloud, they combine to become larger and heavier. Eventually they become too heavy to stay floating in the air, so they fall back to Earth. The type of precipitation depends on how cold the air is. When the air is warm, water falls as <strong>rain</strong>. When the air is below freezing, water falls as <strong>snow</strong>. <strong>Sleet</strong> is rain that freezes into ice pellets as it falls through cold air. <strong>Hail</strong> forms inside storm clouds when water freezes into balls of ice that bounce up and down, growing larger with each trip.</p>
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<h3>✏️ Reading Questions</h3>
<p><strong>1. What causes evaporation?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>2. Give two everyday examples of condensation that you might see at home.</strong></p>
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<p><strong>3. What determines whether precipitation falls as rain or snow?</strong></p>
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<p><strong>4. Describe the complete journey of a drop of water from the ocean to a cloud to the ground and back to the ocean.</strong></p>
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<h3>📝 Vocabulary Grid</h3>
<p>Write a definition or draw a picture for each word.</p>
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<div class="vocab-card"><strong>☀️ Evaporation</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>❄️ Condensation</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🌧️ Precipitation</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>💨 Water Vapor</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🌨️ Sleet</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
<div class="vocab-card"><strong>🧊 Hail</strong><div class="line-row"></div></div>
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<h3>🔍 Precipitation Sort</h3>
<p><strong>Sort each type of precipitation into the correct column: warm weather or cold weather.</strong></p>
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<tr><th style="width: 120px;">Precipitation Type</th><th>Warm Weather</th><th>Cold Weather</th></tr>
<tr><td>Rain</td><td style="height: 20px;"></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Snow</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Sleet</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Hail</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<h3>📊 Compare Precipitation Types</h3>
<p><strong>Fill in the chart describing each type of precipitation.</strong></p>
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<tr><th style="width: 100px;">Type</th><th>What It Is</th><th style="width: 150px;">When It Falls</th><th>What It Looks Like</th></tr>
<tr><td>Rain</td><td style="height: 22px;"></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Snow</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Sleet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Hail</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<h3>🔗 Evaporation or Condensation?</h3>
<p><strong>Read each situation. Write E for evaporation or C for condensation.</strong></p>
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<tr><th style="width: 320px;">Situation</th><th>E or C?</th></tr>
<tr><td>A puddle on the sidewalk dries up after a sunny day.</td><td style="height: 22px;"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Water droplets form on a cold juice box.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Clouds form in the sky after a warm day.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wet hair dries after you take a shower.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Fog appears over a lake in the morning.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Steam rises from a hot cup of cocoa.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Your mirror fogs up during a hot bath.</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>An ocean wave disappears as a mist on a warm beach.</td><td></td></tr>
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<h3>✅ True or False — Circle Your Answer</h3>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>1.</strong> Evaporation turns liquid water into invisible water vapor.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>2.</strong> Condensation happens when water vapor heats up.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>3.</strong> Clouds are made of tiny liquid water droplets.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>4.</strong> Precipitation only falls as rain.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>5.</strong> Transpiration is when plants release water vapor.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>6.</strong> Snow falls when the air is above freezing.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>7.</strong> Hail forms inside storm clouds.</p>
<p><span class="circle-box"></span> <strong>8.</strong> Sleet is rain that freezes into ice pellets while falling.</p>
<h3>✏️ Fill in the Blanks</h3>
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<p><strong>Word Bank:</strong>
<span>evaporation</span><span>condensation</span><span>precipitation</span><span>water vapor</span><span>transpiration</span><span>snow</span><span>hail</span><span>sleet</span>
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<p>1. When the sun heats water and it turns into gas, that is ________________.</p>
<p>2. The invisible gas that rises into the air is called ________________.</p>
<p>3. When water vapor cools and forms clouds, that is ________________.</p>
<p>4. Water falling from clouds is called ________________.</p>
<p>5. When plants release water through their leaves, it is called ________________.</p>
<p>6. Frozen precipitation that falls as ice crystals is called ________________.</p>
<p>7. Balls of ice that form in storm clouds are called ________________.</p>
<p>8. Rain that freezes into ice pellets while falling is called ________________.</p>
<h3>💭 Think About It</h3>
<p><strong>Think about a cold day when you go outside from a warm house. Why do you see your breath? Which water cycle stage is that an example of? Explain.</strong></p>
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