#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Week 29: Multiplication Facts 0-5 Phase 5: Multiplication Introduction Standards: 2.OA.A.1 — operations; times tables 0-5, patterns, skip counting New Standard: - Reduced drill (4-6 problems per section) - Estimation before calculating - Multiple strategies (skip counting, repeated addition, patterns) - Better word problems (reasoning, real-world contexts) - Open-ended challenges (Create Your Own) - Number talks (explain WITHOUT calculating) - Friday self-check with emoji reflection """ import os import glob from weasyprint import HTML from math_helpers import ( CSS, TEACHER_CSS, page, page_multi, hdr, sec, b, bw, bl, tg_page_multi, tg_sec, tg_note, tg_section_title, array_svg, eq_group_svg, grid_svg, star_svg, medal_svg, trophy_svg, check_svg, times_table_html, skip_count_html, mini_chart_html, ) from activity_builders import ( build_equal_groups, build_skip_counting, build_times_table, build_challenge_box, build_two_step_problems, ) BASE = os.path.expanduser("~/Home_School/2nd_Grade/Math") WEEK = os.path.join(BASE, "Week_29") # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # MONDAY — The Easy Ones: ×0, ×1, ×2 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def monday(): # 1: Fluency warmup — doubles (connect to ×2) s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Doubles! Solve in your head.

'\ '

' for expr in ["3 + 3", "5 + 5", "4 + 4", "7 + 7"]: s1 += f'

{expr} = {b("3em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: The ×0, ×1, ×2 rules (guided intro) s2 = '

Three easy rules:
'\ '• Any number × 0 = 0 (zero groups = nothing!)
'\ '• Any number × 1 = itself (one group)
'\ '• Any number × 2 = the double (two groups)

'\ '

' facts = [("6 × 0", ""), ("4 × 1", ""), ("3 × 2", ""), ("9 × 0", ""), ("7 × 1", ""), ("6 × 2", "")] for f, _ in facts: s2 += f'

{f} = {b("3em")}

' s2 += '

' # 3: 2s times table with blanks (reduced drill — 5 blanks, not all 11) s3 = build_times_table({ "factor": 2, "blanks": [3, 5, 7, 8, 10], "note": "Fill in the missing 2s facts. Hint: double it!" }) # 4: Number Talk — the zero mystery s4 = '

'\ '

Number Talk — Explain WITHOUT calculating.

'\ '

' s4 += '

Maya says 100 × 0 is a really big number because 100 is big.

'\ '

Is she right? Why or why not?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

Which is bigger: 8 × 1 or 8 × 0?

'\ '

How do you know without solving?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

' # 5: Challenge s5 = build_challenge_box({ "problems": [ {"text": "I am a number. When you multiply me by 1, I stay the same. When you multiply me by 2, I become 14. What number am I? " + b("3em")}, {"text": "Write your OWN riddle like this for a family member to solve: " + bl()}, ] }) return page(29, "Monday", "The Easy Ones: ×0, ×1, ×2", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Doubles", s1)} {sec(2, "Three Easy Rules", s2)} {sec(3, "The 2s Times Table", s3)} {sec(4, "Number Talk: The Zero Mystery", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Number Riddles", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # TUESDAY — The 5s and 10s # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def tuesday(): # 1: Fluency warmup — skip count by 5s and 10s s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Skip count. Fill in the missing numbers.

' s1 += build_skip_counting({ "sequences": [ {"start": 5, "step": 5, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [3, 6, 8]}, {"start": 10, "step": 10, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [2, 5, 8]}, ], "note": "Count by 5s (like nickels), then by 10s (like dimes)." }) s1 += '

' # 2: 5s times table with blanks (reduced drill) s2 = build_times_table({ "factor": 5, "blanks": [2, 4, 6, 8, 9], "note": "Fill in the missing 5s facts. Hint: skip count by 5!" }) # 3: Estimate First! — 5s patterns s3 = '

'\ '

Estimate First! Circle MORE or LESS than 25 first, then solve by skip counting.

'\ '

' for g, n in [(5, 3), (5, 7), (5, 9), (5, 4)]: s3 += f'

{n} × 5

'\ '

more than 25 / less than 25

'\ f'

Actual: {b("3em")}

' s3 += '

' # 4: Pattern detective — what do you notice about 5s? s4 = '

'\ '

Pattern Detective! Look at the 5s answers: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30...

'\ '

What digit do 5s answers ALWAYS end in? ' + b("3em") + ' or ' + b("3em") + '

'\ '

Could 5 × 6 = 32? Circle: YES / NO

'\ '

How do you know? ' + bw() + '

'\ '

What do 10s answers always end in? ' + b("3em") + '

'\ '

' # 5: Two strategies for 5s s5 = '

'\ '

Show Two Different Ways — Solve 6 × 5 two ways.

'\ '

Way 1 (skip count by 5, six times): 5, 10, ___, ___, ___, ___

'\ '

Way 2 (repeated addition): ' + bw("14em") + '

'\ '

6 × 5 = ' + b("3em") + '

'\ '

Which way was faster? ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' return page(29, "Tuesday", "The 5s and 10s", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Skip Count by 5s and 10s", s1)} {sec(2, "The 5s Times Table", s2)} {sec(3, "Estimate First!", s3)} {sec(4, "Pattern Detective", s4)} {sec(5, "Show Two Different Ways", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # WEDNESDAY — The 3s and 4s # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def wednesday(): # 1: Fluency warmup — skip count by 3s and 4s s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Skip count. Fill in the missing numbers.

' s1 += build_skip_counting({ "sequences": [ {"start": 3, "step": 3, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [4, 6, 9]}, {"start": 4, "step": 4, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [3, 5, 8]}, ], "note": "Count by 3s, then by 4s." }) s1 += '

' # 2: 3s times table with blanks (reduced drill) s2 = build_times_table({ "factor": 3, "blanks": [4, 6, 7, 9], "note": "Fill in the missing 3s facts. Skip count by 3 to check!" }) # 3: 4s with a strategy — double the double! s3 = '

Strategy: 4s are double-doubles! To find 4 × 3: '\ 'double 3 (= 6), then double again (= 12). Try it:

'\ '

' for n in [5, 6, 4, 7]: s3 += f'

4 × {n}

'\ f'

Double {n}: {b("5em")}

'\ f'

Double again: {b("5em")}

'\ f'

4 × {n} = {b("3em")}

' s3 += '

' # 4: Word problems with 3s and 4s (reduced to 2) s4 = '

'\ '

Write the multiplication sentence and solve.

'\ '

' problems = [ ("A tricycle has 3 wheels. How many wheels do 6 tricycles have?", "wheels"), ("Each table in art class has 4 paintbrushes. There are 5 tables. How many paintbrushes are there?", "paintbrushes"), ] for text, unit in problems: s4 += f'

{text}

'\ '

Multiplication sentence: ' + bw("9em") + '

'\ '

' + b("4em") + f' {unit}

' s4 += '

' # 5: Create your own — mini chart s5 = '

'\ '

Create Your Own — Fill in this mini multiplication chart. '\ 'Color your 3 favorite facts!

' s5 += mini_chart_html(facts=set(), max_factor=5) s5 += '

What patterns do you see in the chart? ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' return page(29, "Wednesday", "The 3s and 4s", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Skip Count by 3s and 4s", s1)} {sec(2, "The 3s Times Table", s2)} {sec(3, "Strategy: 4s are Double-Doubles", s3)} {sec(4, "Word Problems", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Build the Chart", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # THURSDAY — Mixed Facts 0-5 & Word Problems # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def thursday(): # 1: Fluency warmup — mixed facts (reduced to 6) s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Mixed facts! Solve fast.

'\ '

' for f in ["2 × 4", "5 × 5", "3 × 3", "4 × 2", "1 × 9", "5 × 0"]: s1 += f'

{f} = {b("3em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Better word problems (reduced to 3) s2 = '

'\ '

Underline the important numbers. Write the sentence and solve.

'\ '

' problems = [ ("A pack of gum has 5 pieces. Jaden buys 4 packs. How many pieces of gum does he have?", "pieces"), ("There are 3 shelves in the bookcase. Each shelf holds 5 books. How many books fit in the bookcase?", "books"), ("A starfish has 5 arms. How many arms do 3 starfish have?", "arms"), ] for text, unit in problems: s2 += f'

{text}

'\ '

Multiplication sentence: ' + bw("9em") + '

'\ '

' + b("4em") + f' {unit}

' s2 += '

' # 3: Two-step problem s3 = '

'\ '

Solve step by step.

'\ + build_two_step_problems({ "problems": [ { "text": "Nora has 4 bags with 5 marbles in each bag. Her friend gives her 7 more marbles. How many marbles does Nora have now?", "blanks": 2 } ], "note": "Step 1: multiply. Step 2: add." }) + '

' # 4: Number Talk — clever strategies s4 = '

'\ '

Number Talk — Explain WITHOUT calculating everything.

'\ '

' s4 += '

You know 5 × 4 = 20.

'\ '

How can that help you find 5 × 5 FAST?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

Is 3 × 4 the same as 4 × 3?

'\ '

Explain with a drawing or words.

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

' # 5: Create your own s5 = '

'\ '

Create Your Own Word Problem

'\ '

Write a word problem that uses one of THESE facts: 3 × 5, 4 × 4, or 2 × 6. Then solve it.

'\ '

Answer: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

' return page(29, "Thursday", "Mixed Facts 0-5 & Word Problems", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Mixed Facts", s1)} {sec(2, "Word Problems", s2)} {sec(3, "Two-Step Problem", s3)} {sec(4, "Number Talk: Clever Strategies", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Create Your Own", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # FRIDAY — Review & Self-Check # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def friday(): # 1: Fluency warmup — mixed 0-5 facts s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Show what you know! Solve fast.

'\ '

' for f in ["3 × 5", "2 × 7", "4 × 4", "5 × 6", "0 × 8", "1 × 5"]: s1 += f'

{f} = {b("3em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Estimate First! s2 = '

'\ '

Estimate First! Circle MORE or LESS than 20, then solve.

'\ '

' for g, n in [(3, 8), (5, 3), (4, 6), (2, 9)]: s2 += f'

{g} × {n}

'\ '

more than 20 / less than 20

'\ f'

Actual: {b("3em")}

' s2 += '

' # 3: Skip counting review — all the tables s3 = '

'\ '

Fill in the missing numbers for each count.

' s3 += build_skip_counting({ "sequences": [ {"start": 2, "step": 2, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [4, 7, 9]}, {"start": 3, "step": 3, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [3, 6, 8]}, {"start": 4, "step": 4, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [2, 5, 9]}, {"start": 5, "step": 5, "count": 10, "blank_indices": [4, 6, 9]}, ], "note": "Count by 2s, 3s, 4s, and 5s." }) s3 += '

' # 4: Word problem review (reduced to 2) s4 = '

'\ '

Write the multiplication sentence and solve.

'\ '

' problems = [ ("A ladybug has 6 legs. How many legs do 5 ladybugs have?", "legs"), ("Mr. Lee puts 4 pencils in each of 4 cups. How many pencils is that?", "pencils"), ] for text, unit in problems: s4 += f'

{text}

'\ '

Multiplication sentence: ' + bw("9em") + '

'\ '

' + b("4em") + f' {unit}

' s4 += '

' # 5: Self-check with emoji reflection s5 = '

'\ '

Self-Check: How do you feel about your times tables?

'\ '

×0, ×1, ×2 Facts

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

×3 and ×4 Facts

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

×5 Facts & Patterns

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

One thing I learned this week: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

The times table I know BEST: ' + b("4em") + '

'\ '

The times table I want to practice more: ' + b("4em") + '

'\ '

' return page(29, "Friday", "Week 29 Review & Self-Check", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Mixed Facts", s1)} {sec(2, "Estimate First!", s2)} {sec(3, "Skip Counting Review", s3)} {sec(4, "Word Problems", s4)} {sec(5, "Self-Check & Reflection", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # TEACHER GUIDE — Combined for all days # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def teacher_guide(): return tg_page_multi( "Week 29", "Multiplication Facts 0-5 — Teacher Guide", # Monday tg_section_title("Monday: ×0, ×1, ×2") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up Doubles", ["6, 10, 8, 14"]) + tg_sec(2, "Easy Rules", ["0, 4, 6, 0, 7, 12"]) + tg_sec(3, "2s Table blanks", ["2×3=6, 2×5=10, 2×7=14, 2×8=16, 2×10=20"]) + tg_sec(4, "Number Talk", ["Maya is wrong — anything × 0 = 0", "8×1=8 is bigger than 8×0=0"]) + tg_sec(5, "Riddle", ["The number is 7"]) + tg_note("Page break"), # Tuesday tg_section_title("Tuesday: 5s and 10s") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["5s blanks: 20, 35, 45 | 10s blanks: 30, 60, 90"]) + tg_sec(2, "5s Table blanks", ["5×2=10, 5×4=20, 5×6=30, 5×8=40, 5×9=45"]) + tg_sec(3, "Estimate First", ["3×5=15 less; 7×5=35 more; 9×5=45 more; 4×5=20 less"]) + tg_sec(4, "Pattern Detective", ["5s end in 0 or 5; NO — 32 doesn't end in 0 or 5; 10s end in 0"]) + tg_sec(5, "Two Ways", ["15, 20, 25, 30; 5+5+5+5+5+5=30; answer 30"]) + tg_note("Page break"), # Wednesday tg_section_title("Wednesday: 3s and 4s") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["3s blanks: 15, 21, 30 | 4s blanks: 16, 24, 36"]) + tg_sec(2, "3s Table blanks", ["3×4=12, 3×6=18, 3×7=21, 3×9=27"]) + tg_sec(3, "Double-Doubles", ["4×5: 10→20; 4×6: 12→24; 4×4: 8→16; 4×7: 14→28"]) + tg_sec(4, "Word Problems", ["6×3=18 wheels; 5×4=20 paintbrushes"]) + tg_sec(5, "Chart", ["Full 0-5 chart; patterns: rows repeat skip counts, symmetric across diagonal"]) + tg_note("Page break"), # Thursday tg_section_title("Thursday: Mixed Facts & Word Problems") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["8, 25, 9, 8, 9, 0"]) + tg_sec(2, "Word Problems", ["4×5=20 pieces; 3×5=15 books; 3×5=15 arms"]) + tg_sec(3, "Two-Step", ["Step 1: 4×5=20. Step 2: 20+7=27 marbles"]) + tg_sec(4, "Number Talk", ["5×5 is one more 5: 20+5=25", "Yes — commutative; 3 rows of 4 = 4 rows of 3"]) + tg_sec(5, "Create Own", ["3×5=15, 4×4=16, or 2×6=12"]) + tg_note("Page break"), # Friday tg_section_title("Friday: Review & Self-Check") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["15, 14, 16, 30, 0, 5"]) + tg_sec(2, "Estimate First", ["3×8=24 more; 5×3=15 less; 4×6=24 more; 2×9=18 less"]) + tg_sec(3, "Skip Counting", ["2s: 10, 16, 20 | 3s: 12, 21, 27 | 4s: 12, 24, 40 | 5s: 25, 35, 50"]) + tg_sec(4, "Word Problems", ["5×6=30 legs; 4×4=16 pencils"]) + tg_sec(5, "Self-Check", ["Accept student self-assessment and reflection"]) ) # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # GENERATE # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ if __name__ == "__main__": os.makedirs(WEEK, exist_ok=True) for f in glob.glob(os.path.join(WEEK, "*.pdf")): os.remove(f) for f in glob.glob(os.path.join(WEEK, "*.html")): os.remove(f) days = [ (monday, "Monday", "The Easy Ones: ×0, ×1, ×2"), (tuesday, "Tuesday", "The 5s and 10s"), (wednesday, "Wednesday", "The 3s and 4s"), (thursday, "Thursday", "Mixed Facts 0-5 & Word Problems"), (friday, "Friday", "Week 29 Review & Self-Check"), ] for lesson_func, day, title in days: html = lesson_func() fname = f"Week_29_{day}" path = os.path.join(WEEK, f"{fname}.html") with open(path, "w") as f: f.write(html) pdf_path = os.path.join(WEEK, f"{fname}.pdf") HTML(filename=path).write_pdf(pdf_path) print(f"Generated: {pdf_path}") html = teacher_guide() path = os.path.join(WEEK, "Week_29_Teacher_Guide.html") with open(path, "w") as f: f.write(html) pdf_path = os.path.join(WEEK, "Week_29_Teacher_Guide.pdf") HTML(filename=path).write_pdf(pdf_path) print(f"Generated: {pdf_path}") print("\nWeek 29 (Multiplication Facts 0-5) complete!")