#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Week 25: Patterns & Rules — REWRITTEN Phase 4: Geometry, Fractions & Patterns Standards: 2.OA.A.3 (odd/even — pair objects, write equations of equal addends), 2.OA.C.4 (equal groups / arrays as foundation for patterns) New Standard: - Reduced drill (40% fewer problems) - Estimation before calculating (predict the pattern first) - Multiple strategies encouraged (pairing, doubling, skip counting) - Better word problems (reasoning over keywords) - Real challenges (open-ended: create your own patterns) - Number talks (odd or even WITHOUT counting every object) - Friday self-check with reflection - Fact fluency warmup daily - Word problems every day """ import os import glob from weasyprint import HTML from math_helpers import ( CSS, TEACHER_CSS, page, page_multi, hdr, sec, b, bw, bl, tg_page_multi, tg_sec, tg_note, tg_section_title, shape_svg, array_svg, circle_svg, star_svg, ) from activity_builders import ( build_skip_counting, build_equal_groups, build_challenge_box, ) BASE = os.path.expanduser("~/Home_School/2nd_Grade/Math") WEEK = os.path.join(BASE, "Week_25") BLUE = "#1e88e5" RED = "#e53935" GREEN = "#43a047" def dot_row(n, color=BLUE): """Row of n dots for pairing activities.""" dots = ''.join(circle_svg(color) for _ in range(n)) return f'

{dots}

' def shape_pattern(shapes, blanks=2): """Render a repeating shape pattern with blank boxes at the end.""" html = '

' for sh, color in shapes: html += shape_svg(sh, color, 30) for _ in range(blanks): html += '

' html += '

' return html # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # MONDAY — Repeating Patterns: Find the Rule # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def monday(): # 1: Fluency warmup s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Solve in your head.

'\ '

' for expr in ["6 + 6", "8 + 8", "5 + 5", "9 + 9"]: s1 += f'

{expr} = {b("4em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Learn — every pattern has a RULE s2 = '

A pattern repeats by following a rule. '\ 'Find the part that repeats — that is called the core.

' s2 += '

Example: circle, square, circle, square... The rule is: circle, square repeats!

' s2 += shape_pattern([("circle", BLUE), ("square", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("square", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("square", RED)], 0) s2 += '

' # 3: Continue shape patterns (reduced from 6 to 4) s3 = '

Draw the next 2 shapes in each pattern. Write the rule.

'\ '

' patterns = [ ([("triangle", GREEN), ("triangle", GREEN), ("circle", BLUE), ("triangle", GREEN), ("triangle", GREEN), ("circle", BLUE)], "AAB"), ([("square", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("star", "#fbc02d"), ("square", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("star", "#fbc02d")], "ABC"), ([("circle", BLUE), ("circle", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("circle", RED), ("circle", BLUE), ("circle", RED)], "AB colors"), ([("square", GREEN), ("square", GREEN), ("triangle", RED), ("triangle", RED), ("square", GREEN), ("square", GREEN)], "AABB"), ] for shapes, _rule in patterns: s3 += f'

{shape_pattern(shapes, 2)}'\ '

The rule: ' + bw() + '

' s3 += '

' # 4: Number Talk — spot the rule WITHOUT continuing s4 = '

'\ '

Number Talk — Explain WITHOUT calculating every number.

'\ '

' s4 += '

2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ...

Will the number 25 ever appear in this pattern? How do you know without counting all the way?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

5, 10, 15, 20, ...

Will 52 ever appear? How do you know?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

' # 5: Challenge — Create Your Own pattern s5 = '

'\ '

Create Your Own — Draw your own repeating shape pattern. Use at least 2 different shapes. '\ 'Then write the rule.

'\ '

My rule: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' return page(25, "Monday", "Repeating Patterns: Find the Rule", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Doubles", s1)} {sec(2, "Learn: Patterns Have Rules", s2)} {sec(3, "Continue the Pattern", s3)} {sec(4, "Number Talk: Will It Appear?", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Create Your Own", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # TUESDAY — Number Patterns & Skip Counting Rules # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def tuesday(): # 1: Fluency warmup s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Solve in your head.

'\ '

' for expr in ["10 + 10", "20 + 20", "25 + 25", "50 + 50"]: s1 += f'

{expr} = {b("4em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Estimate First! — predict before filling in s2 = '

'\ '

Estimate First! Look at each pattern. BEFORE you fill in the blanks, '\ 'predict: will the last number be more or less than 50? Circle your prediction, then solve.

'\ '

' for start, step in [(4, 4), (30, 5)]: s2 += f'

Start at {start}, count by {step}s (8 numbers).

'\ '

Prediction: last number is more than 50 / less than 50

'\ f'

{start}, {start+step}, {b("5em")}, {b("5em")}, {b("5em")}, {b("5em")}, {b("5em")}, {b("5em")}

' s2 += '

' # 3: Fill in number patterns (reduced from 8 to 4) s3 = build_skip_counting({ "note": "Fill in the missing numbers. What is the rule for each?", "sequences": [ {"start": 2, "step": 2, "count": 8, "blank_indices": [3, 6]}, {"start": 5, "step": 5, "count": 8, "blank_indices": [2, 5]}, {"start": 10, "step": 10, "count": 8, "blank_indices": [4, 7]}, {"start": 3, "step": 3, "count": 8, "blank_indices": [3, 5]}, ], }) # 4: What's the rule? Growing patterns (reduced from 6 to 4) s4 = '

'\ '

Find the rule, then write the next number.

'\ '

' for seq, _rule in [("12, 14, 16, 18", "+2"), ("40, 35, 30, 25", "−5"), ("11, 21, 31, 41", "+10"), ("60, 57, 54, 51", "−3")]: s4 += f'

{seq}, {b("3em")}

'\ '

Rule: ' + b("5em") + '

' s4 += '

' # 5: Word problem s5 = '

'\ '

Read carefully. Think about what is happening. Draw if it helps!

'\ '

Zoe saves money in a pattern: $2 the first week, $4 the second week, '\ '$6 the third week. If the pattern continues, how much will she save in the sixth week?

'\ '

Draw or write your thinking: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

$' + b("4em") + '

' return page(25, "Tuesday", "Number Patterns & Skip Counting Rules", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Big Doubles", s1)} {sec(2, "Estimate First: Predict the Pattern", s2)} {sec(3, "Fill In the Pattern", s3)} {sec(4, "What Is the Rule?", s4)} {sec(5, "Word Problem", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # WEDNESDAY — Odd & Even Numbers # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def wednesday(): # 1: Fluency warmup s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Count by 2s in your head. Fill the blanks fast!

'\ '

' for expr in ["2, 4, 6, ___", "10, 12, 14, ___", "20, 22, 24, ___", "30, 32, 34, ___"]: s1 += f'

{expr.replace("___", b("3em"))}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Learn — even means everyone has a partner s2 = '

Even numbers can be split into pairs with no one left over. '\ 'Odd numbers always have 1 left over. Even numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, 9.

' s2 += '

' s2 += f'

6 is EVEN — 3 pairs, nobody left out:

{dot_row(6, GREEN)}

6 = 3 + 3 (equal addends!)

' s2 += f'

7 is ODD — 3 pairs and 1 left over:

{dot_row(7, RED)}

7 = 3 + 3 + 1

' s2 += '

' # 3: Pair them up — odd or even? (reduced from 8 to 4) s3 = '

Circle pairs of dots. Then write odd or even, and the doubles equation if it is even.

'\ '

' for n, color in [(8, BLUE), (11, RED), (14, GREEN), (9, "#fbc02d")]: s3 += f'

{dot_row(n, color)}'\ f'

{n} is: ' + b("4em") + '

'\ f'

If even: {n} = ' + b("3em") + ' + ' + b("3em") + '

' s3 += '

' # 4: Number Talk — odd or even WITHOUT counting s4 = '

'\ '

Number Talk — Explain WITHOUT counting or pairing.

'\ '

' s4 += '

Is 46 odd or even? How can you tell just by looking at the number?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

If you add two even numbers, will the answer be odd or even? Why?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

' s4 += '

' # 5: Challenge — show two different ways s5 = '

'\ '

Challenge — Show two different ways to prove that 13 is odd.

'\ '

Ideas: draw and pair dots, look at the last digit, try to write it as a double.

'\ '

Way 1: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

Way 2: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' return page(25, "Wednesday", "Odd & Even Numbers", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Count by 2s", s1)} {sec(2, "Learn: Pairs and Leftovers", s2)} {sec(3, "Odd or Even? Pair Them Up", s3)} {sec(4, "Number Talk: No Counting Allowed!", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Show Two Different Ways", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # THURSDAY — Patterns in the Real World & Equal Groups # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def thursday(): # 1: Fluency warmup s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Odd or even? Write O or E.

'\ '

' for n in [17, 24, 31, 48]: s1 += f'

{n}: {b("3em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Equal groups make patterns (2.OA.C.4) — reduced from 6 to 3 s2 = build_equal_groups({ "note": "Equal groups follow a pattern! Count the groups, then write the repeated addition.", "groups": [ {"num_groups": 3, "items_per_group": 4, "blank_total": True}, {"num_groups": 4, "items_per_group": 5, "blank_total": True}, {"num_groups": 2, "items_per_group": 6, "blank_total": True}, ], }) s2 += '

Write the addition pattern for the first one: '\ + b("3em") + ' + ' + b("3em") + ' + ' + b("3em") + ' = ' + b("5em") + '

' # 3: Word problems — reasoning (reduced from 5 to 3) s3 = '

'\ '

Read carefully. Think about what is happening in the situation. Draw if it helps!

'\ '

' problems = [ ("A fence has posts in a pattern: red, red, blue, red, red, blue... If the pattern continues, what color is the 9th post?", ""), ("Sam sets the table with 2 forks at each of 5 places. Can every fork have a partner fork at its own place? Is the total odd or even?", ""), ("Ana reads 10 pages on Monday, 15 on Tuesday, 20 on Wednesday. If her pattern continues, how many pages will she read on Friday?", "pages"), ] for text, unit in problems: s3 += f'

{text}

'\ '

Draw or write your thinking: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' + b("6em") + f' {unit}

' s3 += '

' # 4: Number Talk — pattern in the hundreds chart s4 = '

'\ '

Number Talk — Explain WITHOUT calculating.

'\ '

On a hundreds chart, Marco starts at 7 and jumps down one row at a time: 7, 17, 27, 37... '\ 'What digit will ALWAYS be in the ones place? Why does that happen?

'\ '

My thinking: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' # 5: Create your own pattern word problem s5 = '

'\ '

Create Your Own Word Problem

'\ '

Write a word problem about a pattern you see in real life (beads, stripes, days, songs...). Then solve it.

'\ '

Answer: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

' return page(25, "Thursday", "Patterns in the Real World", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Odd or Even?", s1)} {sec(2, "Equal Groups Make Patterns", s2)} {sec(3, "Word Problems: Think About What Is Happening", s3)} {sec(4, "Number Talk: Hundreds Chart Pattern", s4)} {sec(5, "Challenge: Create Your Own", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # FRIDAY — Review & Self-Check # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def friday(): # 1: Fluency warmup s1 = '

'\ '

2-min Fluency Warm-up — Mental math. Go fast!

'\ '

' for expr in ["7 + 7", "12 + 12", "15 − 5", "9 + 8"]: s1 += f'

{expr} = {b("4em")}

' s1 += '

' # 2: Estimate First! — pattern prediction s2 = '

'\ '

Estimate First! Predict FIRST, then check by continuing the pattern.

'\ '

' s2 += '

Pattern: 6, 12, 18, 24, ...

'\ '

Predict: will the 7th number be more than 40? yes / no

'\ '

Check — 7th number: ' + b("3em") + '

' s2 += '

Pattern: 90, 80, 70, 60, ...

'\ '

Predict: will the 8th number be less than 30? yes / no

'\ '

Check — 8th number: ' + b("3em") + '

' s2 += '

' # 3: Mixed review (reduced from 8 to 4) s3 = '

'\ '

Use any strategy you prefer.

'\ '

' s3 += '

Continue: 14, 17, 20, 23, ' + b("3em") + '

Rule: ' + b("4em") + '

' s3 += '

Is 35 odd or even? ' + b("4em") + '

How do you know? ' + bw() + '

' s3 += '

Write 16 as a double: 16 = ' + b("3em") + ' + ' + b("3em") + '

' s3 += '

4 groups of 3 dots. Total: ' + b("3em") + '

Addition: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ' + b("3em") + '

' s3 += '

' # 4: Word problem review s4 = '

'\ '

Read carefully. Show your work.

'\ '

A necklace has beads in the pattern: 2 blue, 1 white, 2 blue, 1 white... '\ 'There are 18 beads in all. How many are blue? Is that number odd or even?

'\ '

Draw or write your thinking: ' + bw() + '

'\ '

' + b("4em") + ' blue beads — odd / even

' # 5: Self-check with emoji reflection s5 = '

'\ '

Self-Check: How do you feel about patterns and odd/even?

'\ '

Finding Pattern Rules

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

Odd & Even Numbers

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

Number Patterns (Skip Counting)

'\ '

😊 I got it! | 😐 Getting there | 😟 Need help

'\ '

One thing I learned this week: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

One thing I want to practice more: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

A pattern I noticed in real life: ' + bl() + '

'\ '

' return page(25, "Friday", "Week 25 Review & Self-Check", f'''{sec(1, "Warm-up: Mental Math", s1)} {sec(2, "Estimate First: Predict Patterns", s2)} {sec(3, "Mixed Review", s3)} {sec(4, "Word Problem", s4)} {sec(5, "Self-Check & Reflection", s5)}''') # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # TEACHER GUIDE # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ def teacher_guide(): return tg_page_multi( "Week 25", "Patterns & Rules — Teacher Guide", tg_section_title("Monday: Repeating Patterns") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["12, 16, 10, 18"]) + tg_sec(2, "Learn", ["Core = the part that repeats"]) + tg_sec(3, "Continue Patterns", ["1: triangle, triangle (AAB); 2: square, circle (ABC); 3: blue, red (AB); 4: triangle, triangle (AABB)"]) + tg_sec(4, "Number Talk", ["25 never appears — pattern is all even numbers; 52 never appears — counting by 5s ends in 0 or 5"]) + tg_sec(5, "Create Own", ["Any repeating pattern with a stated rule"]) + tg_note("Page break"), tg_section_title("Tuesday: Number Patterns") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["20, 40, 50, 100"]) + tg_sec(2, "Estimate First", ["4s from 4: last = 32 (less than 50); 5s from 30: last = 65 (more than 50)"]) + tg_sec(3, "Fill In", ["2s: blanks 8, 14; 5s: blanks 15, 30; 10s: blanks 50, 80; 3s: blanks 12, 18"]) + tg_sec(4, "What's the Rule", ["20 (+2); 20 (−5); 51 (+10); 48 (−3)"]) + tg_sec(5, "Word Problem", ["Week 6 = $12 (pattern +$2 each week)"]) + tg_note("Page break"), tg_section_title("Wednesday: Odd & Even") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["8, 16, 26, 36"]) + tg_sec(2, "Learn", ["Even = pairs, no leftover; odd = 1 leftover"]) + tg_sec(3, "Pair Them Up", ["8 even (4+4); 11 odd; 14 even (7+7); 9 odd"]) + tg_sec(4, "Number Talk", ["46 ends in 6 → even; even + even = even (all pairs stay paired)"]) + tg_sec(5, "Two Ways for 13", ["Pairing leaves 1 leftover; last digit 3 is odd; cannot write as a double (6+6=12, 7+7=14)"]) + tg_note("Page break"), tg_section_title("Thursday: Real-World Patterns") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["17 O, 24 E, 31 O, 48 E"]) + tg_sec(2, "Equal Groups", ["3×4=12; 4×5=20; 2×6=12; addition: 4+4+4=12"]) + tg_sec(3, "Word Problems", ["9th post = blue (pattern RRB, 9 = 3 full cores); 10 forks, every fork has a partner, even; Friday = 30 pages (+5 per day)"]) + tg_sec(4, "Number Talk", ["Ones digit is always 7 — adding 10 changes only the tens digit"]) + tg_sec(5, "Create Own", ["Accept student problems with correct solution"]) + tg_note("Page break"), tg_section_title("Friday: Review & Self-Check") + tg_sec(1, "Warm-up", ["14, 24, 10, 17"]) + tg_sec(2, "Estimate First", ["6s: 7th = 42 (yes, more than 40); minus 10s: 8th = 20 (yes, less than 30)"]) + tg_sec(3, "Mixed Review", ["26 (+3); 35 odd (ends in 5); 16 = 8+8; total 12, 3+3+3+3=12"]) + tg_sec(4, "Word Problem", ["18 beads = 6 cores of (2 blue + 1 white) → 12 blue; 12 is even"]) + tg_sec(5, "Self-Check", ["Accept student self-assessment and reflection"]) ) # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ # GENERATE # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ if __name__ == "__main__": os.makedirs(WEEK, exist_ok=True) for f in glob.glob(os.path.join(WEEK, "*.pdf")): os.remove(f) for f in glob.glob(os.path.join(WEEK, "*.html")): os.remove(f) days = [ (monday, "Monday", "Repeating Patterns: Find the Rule"), (tuesday, "Tuesday", "Number Patterns & Skip Counting Rules"), (wednesday, "Wednesday", "Odd & Even Numbers"), (thursday, "Thursday", "Patterns in the Real World"), (friday, "Friday", "Week 25 Review & Self-Check"), ] for lesson_func, day, title in days: html = lesson_func() fname = f"Week_25_{day}" path = os.path.join(WEEK, f"{fname}.html") with open(path, "w") as f: f.write(html) pdf_path = os.path.join(WEEK, f"{fname}.pdf") HTML(filename=path).write_pdf(pdf_path) print(f"Generated: {pdf_path}") html = teacher_guide() path = os.path.join(WEEK, "Week_25_Teacher_Guide.html") with open(path, "w") as f: f.write(html) pdf_path = os.path.join(WEEK, "Week_25_Teacher_Guide.pdf") HTML(filename=path).write_pdf(pdf_path) print(f"Generated: {pdf_path}") print("\nWeek 25 (rewritten to new standard) complete!")